I thin that the environment of this hypothetical world would be very important and something that we would need to adapt to. If its an ice covered planet, we're set for something easy. Beyond that, and even in the cases of a mixed climate, it may be best to start with something more akin to ball hockey. It's easier to find a surface that would fit these goals, and playing sports or some sort of a game with a ballay be more familiar

Other pieces of equipment can be fashioned into more simplified version of what we have. Shaped branches for sticks even less so than our wooden counterparts would be able to be used to us with a ball made of whatever material is handy

In terms of rules, I think rules like icing may need a change just to keep the game flowing. It would either need to go to a non hybrid, non-touch style, or just keep the play open to incentive the goaltender to play the puck. If it stays, it will need to be name changed depending on climate as well, as icing may not be a helpful term where there's no ice involved